Geospatial Analysis of Topography, Hydrology, and Land Use Dynamics in Owerri and Environs Region, Southeastern Nigeria

Geospatial Analysis of Topography, Hydrology, and Land Use Dynamics in Owerri and Environs Region, Southeastern Nigeria

  IJRES-book-cover  International Journal of Recent Engineering Science (IJRES)          
  
© 2024 by IJRES Journal
Volume-11 Issue-4
Year of Publication : 2024
Authors : Odoh Benard Ifeanyi, Nwokeabia Charity Nkiru, Ibezue Victoria Chiebonam
DOI : 10.14445/23497157/IJRES-V11I4P113

How to Cite?

Odoh Benard Ifeanyi, Nwokeabia Charity Nkiru, Ibezue Victoria Chiebonam, "Geospatial Analysis of Topography, Hydrology, and Land Use Dynamics in Owerri and Environs Region, Southeastern Nigeria," International Journal of Recent Engineering Science, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 97-112, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23497157/IJRES-V11I4P113

Abstract
The landscape of Ikeduru, Mbaitoli, Owerri Municipal, Owerri North, and Owerri West in Imo State, Nigeria, exhibits distinct topographical features ranging from gentle to steep slopes and varied drainage patterns. These traits influence land use patterns, hydrological processes, and environmental vulnerabilities. Understanding these dynamics is vital for sustainable land management and development in the region. This study intends to examine the topographical features, hydrological characteristics, and land use dynamics of the selected LGAs in Imo State, Nigeria, utilising slope analysis, drainage density evaluation, and land use/land cover change analysis. The study intends to provide insights into environmental vulnerabilities, identify places prone to erosion and flooding, and propose options for sustainable land use planning. The study indicated that the bulk of the studied region has gentle slopes (0-2.69 degrees), supporting agricultural operations and urban expansion but also increasing susceptibility to flooding. Steeper slopes (>4.22 degrees) are limited and prone to erosion and landslides, particularly in the southern and western portions. Drainage density research found moderate to very high-density zones influencing runoff management and erosion hazards. LULC study found significant declines in tree cover and increases in builtup areas between 2017 and 2023, demonstrating fast urbanization and its accompanying environmental implications. These findings underline the necessity for appropriate land management strategies to prevent erosion, flooding, and other environmental dangers. Strategies such as soil conservation measures, afforestation, and enhanced drainage systems are advised to support sustainable development and resilience in the researched LGAs. This study presents a complete assessment of the topographical, hydrological, and land use characteristics of Ikeduru, Mbaitoli, Owerri Municipal, Owerri North, and Owerri West in Imo State, Nigeria. The findings illustrate the changing nature of the landscape, underlining the significance of integrated land use planning and environmental protection methods. By recognising and managing these processes, policymakers and stakeholders can work towards sustainable development goals while conserving natural resources and avoiding environmental threats. By combining these methodologies, the study gives a complete knowledge of landscape dynamics and their implications for sustainable land management. The insights collected led to the creation of targeted strategies for managing environmental risks and fostering resilience in the face of urbanization and climate change consequences in Imo State, Nigeria.

Keywords
Drainage density, Hydrological network, Land cover change, Soil conservation.

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