NaOH Activated Carbon Prepared from Millet Husk and Millet Straw for Heavy Metals Adsorption: Isotherms and Kinetics Studies
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International Journal of Recent Engineering Science (IJRES) |  |
| © 2024 by IJRES Journal | ||
| Volume-11 Issue-3 |
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| Year of Publication : 2024 | ||
| Authors : Burah Tijjani, Ali Lawan Yaumi, Hamza Umar, Mohammed Modu Aji, Bitrus Kwaji Highina |
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| DOI : 10.14445/23497157/IJRES-V11I3P108 |
How to Cite?
Burah Tijjani, Ali Lawan Yaumi, Hamza Umar, Mohammed Modu Aji, Bitrus Kwaji Highina, "NaOH Activated Carbon Prepared from Millet Husk and Millet Straw for Heavy Metals Adsorption: Isotherms and Kinetics Studies," International Journal of Recent Engineering Science, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 77-88, 2024. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.14445/23497157/IJRES-V11I3P108
Abstract
Raw Millet Husk (RMH) and Raw Millet Straw (RMS) were used as precursors and were carbonized; they were further activated with Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) to obtain Millet Husk and Straw (MHS) activated carbon. The industrial effluent sample was analyzed before and after Adsorption by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The experimental data were fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Adsorption data of lead, arsenic and mercury were well fitted with the Freundlich model as indicated by higher values of Regression coefficient R2 . The agreement of the Freundlich model to the experimental data may designate multilayer adsorption had taken place on the MHS surface that could contain a finite number of identical sites. The experimental kinetics data was analyzed using pseudo-first-order, Pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided a better Correlation for the experimental data, indicating a chemisorption process. This proposes that the forming of the interface between the adsorbate and the adsorbent on the external surface of the adsorbent (film diffusion) is the rate-determining step.
Keywords
Millet husk, Millet straw, Heavy metals, Adsorption, Kinetics.
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